Tips for Winter Care .: Cacti 101 Articles

Light

Mature cacti and succulents grow well in a warm climate at a minimum temperature of 61 °F (16 °C). Cacti usually need direct or filtered sunlight to thrive. For those of us not fortunate enough to have sunny windows and rooms, or mild winter climates where plants can be kept outdoors, there is another alternative. Natural light can be supplemented by an artificial light source such as grow lights. Without sufficient light indoor, plants may stretch or lead to skinny growth.

Water

During the winter months when cacti often become dormant, it is advisable to water much less frequently. If cacti are placed outdoors, water plants every 2 weeks. If indoors, cacti should only be watered when they are dry or about once a month. Let soil dry out between watering. The greatest amount of plant losses during the winter is due to incorrect watering techniques such as overwatering.

Temperature

If cacti are kept in a cool position (below 50 °F or 10 °C), do not water the plants. In winter, most cacti simply need frost protection. If you are growing them in a greenhouse, a temperature of 40°F (5°C) is fine. When the temperatures rise slightly above these temperatures, you can give small quantities of water. To protect plants from frost, wrap the cactus in paper*. If frost damage occurs, remove brown/infected areas.
*Frost Cloth is ideal - Raises temperature as much as 10°F.

Fertilizing

Water-soluble fertilizer
use every month.

Slow-release fertilizer
use every three months.

Whatever fertilizer you choose,
remember to look for the N-P-K ratio.

Try not to fertilize during the winter. which is generally the non-growing season for most cacti and succulents, or when the cacti are dormant. The best time to feed cacti and succulents is during their growing season (Spring-Summer). They need a balanced range of minerals. Potassium (K) to encourage flowers and fruit, Phosphorus (P) for good root growth, and Nitrogen (N) for vigorous top-growth.

Transplanting

The best time to repot or transplant a cactus is during the warm weather. However, cacti may be moved, except for the coldest times of the year, successfully at any time. Pot-bound or root-bound means that the roots of a plant outgrow a pot and begin to spiral around the inside or poke through the drain holes. Be sure the pot is dry before transplanting, and transplant into dry soil. Wait a week before watering to allow for the damaged roots to repair. If grown in a container, March is the best time for transplanting into a larger container, or as soon as new growth begins.

Propagation

You can propagate succulents any time of year, but it works best when the temperature is about 70 degrees F. Be sure to provide them with a porous soil that offers excellent drainage. Our nursery provides cactus mix that you can use to propagate your plants.

Tips for Winter Care

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